
Apache License Version 2.0, January 2004 http://www.apache.org/licenses/ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 1. Definitions. "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction, and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document. "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by the copyright owner that is granting the License. "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity. "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity exercising permissions granted by this License. "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications, including but not limited to software source code, documentation source, and configuration files. "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical transformation or translation of a Source form, including but not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation, and conversions to other media types. "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work (an example is provided in the Appendix below). "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of, the Work and Derivative Works thereof. "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted" means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems, and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution." "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and subsequently incorporated within the Work. 2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form. 3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s) with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed. 4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You meet the following conditions: (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or Derivative Works a copy of this License; and (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices stating that You changed the files; and (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and attribution notices from the Source form of the Work, excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of the Derivative Works; and (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or, within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed as modifying the License. You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and may provide additional or different license terms and conditions for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use, reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with the conditions stated in this License. 5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise, any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of this License, without any additional terms or conditions. Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed with Licensor regarding such Contributions. 6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor, except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file. 7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License. 8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor has been advised of the possibility of such damages. 9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer, and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity, or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work. To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a file or class name and description of purpose be included on the same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier identification within third-party archives. Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
• | SQL言語のリファレンス DerbyのSQL言語のリファレンスです。
文、関数、そのほかの構文上の情報が書かれています。 | |
• | SQL予約語 SQL-92標準外の、SQLのキーワードを説明します。 | |
• | DerbyのサポートするSQL-92の機能 SQL-92の機能のうち、Derbyが実現しているものと実現していないものを一覧します。 | |
• | Derbyのシステム表 Derbyのシステムカタログのリファレンスです。 | |
• | Derbyの例外メッセージとSQL state Derbyの例外メッセージについての情報が書かれています。 | |
• | JDBC リファレンス Derbyが実装するJDBCのインターフェイスの情報がJDBC 2.0 の機能も含めて書かれています。 | |
• | データベース接続URLに属性を指定する。 DerbyのJDBCデータベース接続URLにおいて、実現されている属性の情報が書かれています。 | |
• | J2EEへの準拠:Java Transaction APIとjavax.sql インターフェイス Java Transaction APIにおいて、Derbyが実現している機能について書かれています。 | |
• | Derby API Derby独自のAPIについての説明があります。 |
• | 二重引用符でSQL-92に定義されている特殊識別子をデリミトして、デリミトされた識別子とすることができます。 | |
• | 一重引用符で文字の列を区切ることができます。 | |
• | 文字の列にて一重引用符またはアポストロフィーをあらわすには、一重引用符を2つ並べます。(言い方を変えれば、一重引用符は一重引用符のエスケープ文字です。) 二重引用符にはエスケープ文字が必要ではありません。二重引用符をあらわすには、単に二重引用符を使ってください。ただし、Javaのプログラムでは、二重引用符はバックスラッシュによるエスケープが必要であることを気に留める必要があります。 例:
| |
• | SQLのキーワードは大文字小文字を区別しません。例えば、SELECTというキーワードは、SELECT、Select、select、sELECTのいずれでも書くことができます。 | |
• | SQL-92の書き方による識別子は大文字小文字を区別しません。(SQL92識別子を参照してください。)ただしデリミトされた識別子はそうではありません。 | |
• | Javaの書き方による識別子は常に大文字小文字を区別します。 | |
• | *は、SelectExpression.にてワイルドカード文字です。ワイルドカードの*を参照してください。
この文字は同時に情報演算子でもあります。そのほかの場合この文字は、0回以上の繰り返しを表す、構文のメタ文字です。 | |
• | %と_は、LIKE演算子に続く文字の列にて使われると、ワイルドカード文字となります。(これはエスケープされなかった場合です。)詳細は真偽式を参照してください。 | |
• | SQL-92の仕様に沿って一行あるいは複数行のコメントを書くことができます。一行のコメントは二つのダッシュ(--)で始まり改行文字で終わります。複数行の改行は前後を囲う書き方で、スラッシュ・スター(/*)で始まり、スター・スラッシュ(*/)で終わります。この書き方では入れ子となる場合があることを留意してください。コメントの開始文字と終了文字の間にある、あらゆる文字は無視されます。 |
"A.B"
"A"."B"
• | 表の作成(CREATE TABLE 文) | |
• | カーソルの更新可能な列の特定 | |
• | SELECT式にある列の相関名(選択式を参照) | |
• | TableExpressionにある列の相関名 (TableExpressionを参照) |
という例にて、相関名をc11のcol1に使えません。なぜなら、 c11はFOR UPDATE に存在するからです。一方で相関名をc12に使うことができます。なぜなら、これはFOR UPDATEに存在しないからです。SELECT c11 AS col1, c12 AS col2, c13 FROM t1 FOR UPDATE of c11,c13
ij> CREATE TABLE mytable (mycol INT); 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted ij> INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (1), (2), (3); 3 rows inserted/updated/deleted -- この例ではijのprepareコマンドを使います。 -- このコマンドにより文が準備されます。 ij> prepare p1 AS 'INSERT INTO MyTable VALUES (4)'; -- p1はmytableに依存します; ij> execute p1; 1 row inserted/updated/deleted -- Derbyは再コンパイルせずに文を実行します。 ij> CREATE INDEX i1 ON mytable(mycol); 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted -- 新しい索引のため、p1は一時的に無効となります。 ij> execute p1; 1 row inserted/updated/deleted -- Derbyは自動的にp1を再コンパイルして、実行します。 ij> DROP TABLE mytable; 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted -- Derbyでは以下のように表を破棄することができます。 -- これはp1の結果が閉じているからです。 -- しかしながらp1は一時的に無効となります。 ij> CREATE TABLE mytable (mycol INT); 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted ij> INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (1), (2), (3); 3 rows inserted/updated/deleted ij> execute p1; 1 row inserted/updated/deleted -- p1は無効となっているので、Derbyは実行の前に再コンパイルを行います。 -- 再コンパイルは成功して、文は実行できます。 ij> DROP TABLE mytable; 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted -- p1は無効です。 -- 今度は最コンパイルしようとしても失敗するので、 -- 実行も失敗です。 ij> execute p1; ERROR 42X05: Table/View 'MYTABLE' does not exist.
• | 表に列を追加する。 | |
• | 表に制約を追加する。 | |
• | 表の列を破棄する。 | |
• | 表にある制約を破棄する。 | |
• | VARCHAR, CHAR VARYING, and CHARACTER VARYING 列の幅を増やす。 | |
• | 表に定義された行レベルのロックを上書きする。(あるいは上書きされた内容を破棄する。) | |
• | 識別子列の増分値や開始値を変更する。 | |
• | 列がNull可であるか否か変更する。 | |
• | 列の規定値を変更する。 |
ALTER TABLE 表名 { ADD COLUMN 列定義 | ADD CONSTRAINT節 | DROP [ COLUMN ] 列名 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP { PRIMARY KEY | FOREIGN KEY 制約名 | UNIQUE 制約名 | CHECK 制約名 | CONSTRAINT 制約名 } ALTER [ COLUMN ] 列定義変更 | LOCKSIZE { ROW | TABLE } }
列名 SET DATA TYPE VARCHAR(integer) | column-name SET INCREMENT BY 定整数 | column-name RESTART WITH 定整数 | column-name [ NOT ] NULL | column-name [ WITH ] DEFAULT 既定値
CREATE TABLE tauto(i INT GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY, k INT) CREATE UNIQUE INDEX tautoInd ON tauto(i) INSERT INTO tauto(k) values 1,2
INSERT INTO tauto VALUES (3,3) INSERT INTO tauto VALUES (4,4) INSERT INTO tauto VALUES (5,5)
ALTER TABLE tauto ALTER COLUMN i RESTART WITH 6
• | 外部キーやチェック制約が既存の表に追加されるときDerbyは既存の行が制約に違反しないか、表を調べます。もしいずれかの行が制約に違反する場合、Derbyは例外を投げて制約は追加されません。 | |
• | 主キーに含まれるあらゆる列はnullでない値をとらなければならず、また一意でなければなりません。 ALTER TABLE ADD UNIQUEやPRIMARY KEYは、単一の列による主キーを定義する簡単な方法を提供します。もしPRIMARY KEYがCという列の定義に書かれたされた場合、これはPRIMARY KEY(C)という別の節に書いたのと同じです。列はnullの値をとってはならないので、NOT NULL属性も指定されなければなりません。 |
• | VARCHAR列の長さを増やすことができます。VARCHARというキーワードの代わりに、CHARACTER VARYINGやCHAR VARYINGを使うことができます。
これらの列の幅を増やすためには、データ型と新しいサイズを列名の後に書きます。 列の幅を減らしたり、データ型を変更したりする事はできません。主キーの一部や、外部キー制約から参照されている一意キー、外部キー制約の一部である列の幅は変更できません。 | |
• | 識別子列のとる連続した値の間隔を指定することができます。
識別子列のとる連続した値の間隔を設定するためには、定整数を与えます。あらかじめ列には識別子属性が与えられていなければなりません。(SQLSTATE 42837)もし表に既に行がある場合、列のSET INCREMENT defaultが加算された値は変更されません。 | |
• |